1. introduction
In today's era, the rapid development of science and technology has improved the quality of social life. At the same time, people have more strict requirements for various commodities, especially the fineness, comfort and convenience of commodities. Mechanical manufacturing process is the basic process of mechanical manufacturing industry. With the development of manufacturing industry, it is also developing and improving. Because the traditional mechanical manufacturing process can not meet the needs of the times and mechanical manufacturing process, so we have to improve the requirements of mechanical manufacturing process. Only by applying advanced precision machining technology and mechanical manufacturing technology to the field of mechanical manufacturing, can we continuously adapt to the development needs of today's mechanical manufacturing technology.
2. Characteristics of precision machining technology
2.1 precision machining technology reflects the characteristics of Globalization
The process of integration has narrowed the distance between countries in the world, which also makes the competition between countries become extremely fierce. In order to gain competitive advantage in the global environment, it is necessary to continuously innovate modern machinery manufacturing technology and precision processing technology, and improve the level of machinery manufacturing, so as to be able to stand out on the world stage.
2.1 precision machining technology has systematic characteristics
The reason why a technology can be used in a certain field is that it can meet the production demand of the field. In application, they do not exist alone, but use other technologies together to form a system. For example, automation system, network system and new material technology in mechanical manufacturing. And in the product from the design to the sale of the whole link will be a comprehensive application of various technologies. Moreover, it has the characteristics of relevance. Relevance is reflected in the following two aspects: (1) in every link of product production, including from market research to final sales, there is the use of modern mechanical manufacturing process, and each link is closely linked. If any problem occurs or any link is missing, the role of modern mechanical manufacturing technology will be limited and cannot be realized. Maximum benefit. (2) the relevance with other disciplines, if machining is used as processing means in mechanical manufacturing, sometimes it will encounter processing bottleneck, but if chemical synthesis or electrolysis technology is combined with machining technology, it can reach the height that simple machining cannot reach. Therefore, in practice, we must pay attention to the technical connection between each link and each discipline, in order to achieve more ideal results.
3. Application analysis of modern mechanical manufacturing process and precision machining technology
3.1 application analysis of modern mechanical manufacturing process
According to the analysis of modern mechanical manufacturing process, it includes turning, pliers, milling, welding and many other contents. In this paper, only the most widely used welding process to explore.
(1) gas shielded welding process. This process uses arc as one of the main heat sources for welding operation. Its main feature is that the gas is used as the protective medium between the welding objects. During the welding operation, there will be an effective gas protective layer around the arc, so as to achieve the purpose of separation of the arc, molten pool and air. In this way, the harmful gas can be avoided to affect the welding operation, so as to ensure that the welding arc can burn effectively. Generally, CO2 gas shielded welding is widely used in modern machinery manufacturing industry because of its low cost.
(2) resistance welding process. The process is to put the weldment between the positive electrode and the negative electrode for power on operation. When the current passes through, the "store manager effect" will be formed on the contact surface between the weldment and its surroundings, so that the weldment can achieve the effect of melting and fusion, and achieve the purpose of pressure welding. The advantages of this process are better welding quality, higher work efficiency, fully mechanized operation, shorter time required, less gas and noise pollution, etc. At present, resistance welding technology has been widely used in modern machinery manufacturing industries such as aerospace, automobile and household appliances. But it also has some shortcomings, such as high cost of welding equipment, high cost of later maintenance, and no effective NDT technology.
(3) submerged arc welding process. This process is a kind of welding process which burns the arc under the flux layer. It can be divided into automatic welding and semi-automatic welding. When automatic welding is carried out, the welding wire and moving arc are fed into the welding vehicle to automatically complete the welding operation. In semi-automatic welding, the welding wire is fed in mechanically, and then the welding operator carries out the moving arc feeding operation, so the labor cost is increased, and the current application is less. For example, in the past, the method of manual arc welding, i.e. semi-automatic submerged arc welding, was often used to weld steel bars. Now, the semi-automatic submerged arc welding is replaced by electroslag pressure welding, which has high production efficiency, good weld quality and good working conditions.
(4) stud welding process. The process is to connect the stud with the pipe or plate, introduce the arc to melt the contact surface together, and then apply the pressure to the stud for welding. It can be divided into two welding methods: energy storage type and arc pulling type. Among them, energy storage welding has a smaller penetration, which is more used in sheet metal welding, while arc welding is the opposite, which is more used in heavy industry. Both of the two welding methods are single-sided, so they have many advantages, such as no need to drill, drill, bond, tap and rivet, especially no need to drill and drill, to ensure that the welding process will not have air leakage and water leakage, which is widely used in modern machinery manufacturing industry.
3.2 application analysis of precision machining technology
There are many kinds of precision machining technology, including precision cutting technology, ultra precision grinding technology, nanotechnology mold, forming technology and micro machining technology. Now we focus on ultra precision grinding technology and precision cutting technology.
The first is precision cutting technology. The common technology of precision cutting is direct cutting. However, during the actual use, it is necessary to ensure that the surface accuracy of the product can fully meet the rough requirements set by the production. In this case, during the production, it is necessary to ensure that the workpiece, machine, external factors and other aspects will not affect the production of the product.
Next is ultra precision grinding technology. This technology is a more precise processing technology derived from various precision processing technologies. For example, after the surface roughness of some machined surfaces reaches 1-2mm, in order to be able to carry out atomic level grinding treatment, the silicon wafer is polished. In fact, the polishing, grinding and cutting technologies used in the past can not meet the production requirements of some ultra-high precision.
3.3 application analysis of micro mechanical technology
Micro mechanical technology, such as micro mechanical sensing technology, micro mechanical driving technology, micro mechanical manufacturing technology, micro mechanical material technology, etc., are all the technologies that should be analyzed in micro mechanical technology.
(1) micro mechanical sensing technology. Micromechanical sensors need to be miniaturized, with higher requirements on data density, sensitivity and resolution. Now, through the integrated circuit technology, we can produce pressure acceleration sensor, pressure sensor, tactile array sensor and other micro sensors.
(2) micro mechanical driving technology. The requirements of modern micromechanical driving technology include easy operation, high precision, fast response, etc. the micro actuator made of piezoelectric elements with advantages and electrostatic motive are widely used.
(3) manufacturing technology of micro machinery. In order to complete the assembly and three-dimensional processing, in addition to the research of manufacturing three-dimensional new technology, the research of micro mechanical technology such as processing and light modeling technology is closely related to the transmission of energy and control technology. Only through multi-disciplinary cooperation, can a micro mechanical technology system be formed.
(4) material technology used in micro machinery. The silicon material used at the beginning is easy to break, but this disadvantage can be overcome by nickel, so now nickel is generally used to make micro gears. Today, materials such as metals, piezoelectric ceramics, polysilicon, memory alloy and polymer materials can be made into micromachines.
4. summary
Only by continuously improving the development of mechanical manufacturing technology and precision machining technology and expanding the application field of new technology, can we promote the development of mechanical manufacturing industry. At present, China's machinery manufacturing industry must pay attention to the research of related technologies and the relevance of the application of various disciplines. Strengthen the research of new technology, promote the improvement of mechanical precision processing technology, so that the mechanical manufacturing can produce more precision products, improve competitiveness, and meet the needs of the society.