Deep Hole Trepanning Machine

2.3 Machine Tool Main Structure

2.3.1 Main Components
Includes bed, headstock, guide frame, tool bar bracket, sliding guide rails, rack and pinion, cooling system, control system, electrical cabinet, workpiece carrier, etc.

2.3.2 Workpiece Clamping
One end is held by a manual three-jaw chuck on the headstock; the opposite end is automatically secured by a hydraulic center.

2.3.3 Control System
- **Controller:** Delta PLC
- **Z-axis:** Controls longitudinal feed of the drill box via a servo motor driving a rack and pinion through a reducer.
- **X-axis:** Controls guide frame movement for workpiece clamping via a servo motor driving a rack and pinion through a reducer.

2.3.4 Base Components
Key parts like the gearbox, bed, and carriage are precision-cast from high-quality iron. Castings undergo double aging to relieve internal stress, ensure dimensional stability, and enhance mechanical properties.

2.3.5 Bed
- Cast using resin sand and normalized.
- Split design, assembled with high-strength bolts and aligned with taper pins.
- Features double rectangular sliding guide rails, precision-ground and surface-hardened.
- Incorporates a hardened helical rack for tool feed transmission, ensuring high load capacity, rigidity, and stable operation.
- Internal V-shaped ribs provide high strength and anti-deformation support.
- Outer walls directly reinforce the guide rails to withstand heavy cutting forces, minimizing vibration and improving machining quality/efficiency.
- Peripheral oil return grooves with covers direct cutting oil back to the coolant tank.

2.3.6 Headstock
- Mounted at the left end of the bed to rotate the workpiece.
- Manual 3-speed gearbox with stepless speed variation within ranges; motor drives spindle via belt and gears.
- Gears are precision-ground and induction-hardened for strength, wear resistance, and fatigue endurance.
- External oil tank provides circulating lubrication for gears and bearings, with low-level alarm.
- Equipped with a control panel for spindle jog, forward/back feed, and emergency stop.

2.3.7 Guide Frame
- Provides tool guidance, chip removal, and tool bar support.
- Axial movement driven by servo motor (torque or position mode) to accommodate varying workpiece lengths and facilitate clamping.
- Features a rigid internal slewing bearing for high rotational accuracy.
- Right end holds a tool bar support sleeve; left end contains a guide sleeve, conical disk, and oil retention device.
- Cutting oil and chips are discharged via a side chute into the cooling system.

2.3.8 Tool Bar Bracket
- Supports the tool bar with a rigid one-piece design and integrated support sleeve to absorb machining shocks and vibration.
- Includes an auto-engage/retract mechanism that automatically returns the bracket to its start position upon tool retraction.

2.3.9 Cooling System
- Comprises coolant pump, chip collection box, and tank to supply ample cutting oil for deep-hole drilling.
- Floor-mounted tank is fully welded from quality steel plate.
- Telescopic covers protect the tank from debris.
- Control station digitally displays coolant pressure, level, temperature, and flow.

2.3.10 Feed Carriage
- Drives the tool axially.
- Fitted with an automatic lubricator for regular, metered lubrication of its sliding guide rails.
- Has a control panel for drill box spindle jog, forward/back feed, and emergency stop.

2.3.11 Lubrication System
- Feed carriage guide rails: automatic metered lubrication with low-level alarm.
- Headstock gears/bearings: independent circulating oil tank with low-level alarm.
- Drill box gears/bearings: independent circulating oil tank with low-level alarm.
- Guide frame and tool bar support plates: manual pump lubrication.

2.3.12 Workpiece Carrier
- Used for initial workpiece positioning.
- Operator loads workpiece onto carrier; it disengages after clamping.
- V-blocks are manually adjusted via T-screw.

2.3.13 Center Frame
- Supports the workpiece with a three-point enclosed design (two lower rollers, one upper roller).
- Lateral position adjusted via lead screws on the lower rollers.

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INFO@DZGUANLU.COM  Bonnie 

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